Final yr, Jennifer Reisz’s college-age daughter, Megan, was kicked within the chest a number of occasions by the household’s horse. Megan fell to the bottom, unable to maneuver or communicate. Although she was alone, her Apple Watch detected her misery and referred to as 911.

She was taken to a hospital in Clovis, a metropolis in Fresno County, close to the place the Reisz household lives. However the severity of Megan’s accidents — 4 damaged ribs and {a partially} collapsed lung — prompted medical doctors to move her 12 miles by ambulance to the Degree I trauma heart at Neighborhood Regional Medical Heart in Fresno.

Whereas Megan was nonetheless recovering at house from her accidents, she acquired a $2,400 invoice from the ambulance firm — after the household’s well being plan had paid practically $2,200.

“After we acquired the invoice, I believed our insurance coverage firm was processing the declare incorrectly,” says Jennifer Reisz. An lawyer, Reisz says she then spent hours on the cellphone with the well being plan, the ambulance firm, and some shopper advocates. She realized that the ambulance firm was not within the well being plan’s community and was permitted to invoice sufferers for any uncovered portion of its fees — a follow generally known as stability billing.

Beginning Jan. 1, floor ambulance operators can be barred from doing that due to a new regulation signed by Democratic Gov. Gavin Newsom. California is the 14th state to supply some safety towards stability billing for floor ambulance rides.

On the federal stage, an advisory committee established underneath the No Surprises Act is engaged on a plan to deal with the issue nationally.

Each the federal regulation, which took impact in 2022, and a California regulation that predates it largely banned stability billing for hospital care and air ambulance companies, however not floor ambulance companies.

And that’s hardly truthful, since sufferers have zero management in a medical emergency over which ambulance firm responds, whether or not it’s in community, or how a lot it is going to cost.

In California, practically three-quarters of emergency floor ambulance rides end in out-of-network payments. The typical shock invoice for a floor ambulance journey in California is $1,209, the best within the nation, based on a December examine.

The brand new regulation, which applies to about 14 million Californians enrolled in state-regulated business well being plans, limits how a lot a non-network ambulance operator can cost sufferers to the quantity they’d pay for an in-network ambulance.

The regulation additionally caps payments for uninsured individuals, stipulating they will’t be charged greater than the Medi-Cal or Medicare charge, whichever is larger. (Medi-Cal is California’s Medicaid program, offering protection to individuals with low incomes or disabilities.) And it prohibits ambulance operators and debt collectors from reporting sufferers to a credit standing company or taking authorized motion towards them for not less than 12 months after the preliminary invoice.

Beneath present regulation, individuals in misery typically decline to name an ambulance for worry of an enormous invoice, placing themselves or a beloved one in danger, says Katie Van Deynze, coverage and legislative advocate for Well being Entry California, which sponsored the laws. With the brand new regulation, she says, “they are going to have peace of thoughts.”

Current legal guidelines already shield Medicare and Medi-Cal beneficiaries from shock floor ambulance payments. The brand new regulation doesn’t cowl the practically 6 million Californians enrolled within the subset of employer-sponsored well being plans which might be federally regulated.

The advisory committee engaged on a federal repair agreed final week on nonbinding proposals that might, amongst different issues, prohibit stability billing for the overwhelming majority of ambulance rides and cap sufferers’ monetary legal responsibility at $100. The committee plans to formally report its suggestions to Congress early subsequent yr for potential laws.

Beneath California’s new regulation, sufferers can count on to save lots of a median of practically $1,100 per emergency ambulance journey and over $800 per nonemergency journey within the first yr, based on a legislative evaluation carried out this yr.

Well being plans can be required to pay ambulance operators the charges set by county authorities, which the examine mentioned would enhance the typical quantity insurers pay per journey by round $2,000.

Since ambulance rides account for a tiny share of general well being plan spending, these will increase shouldn’t increase premiums by a lot.

However native authorities could be tempted to hike ambulance charges over time to extend income for publicly run ambulance operators, similar to hearth departments, says Loren Adler, affiliate director of the Brookings Schaeffer Initiative on Well being Coverage. That would immediate well being plans to boost ambulance copays, offsetting a number of the shopper financial savings from the brand new regulation, Adler says.

Jenn Engstrom, director of CalPIRG, an advocacy group that helped shepherd the regulation by way of the legislature, notes there can be built-in accountability, for the reason that laws requires public reporting of ambulance charges. “If we discover that issues begin to skyrocket, there can be a necessity for legislative motion or native motion,” Engstrom says.

Reisz says the ambulance firm that transported her daughter wrote off the invoice after she made it clear she had no intention of paying it — and after her well being plan ponied up a bit of extra. However as she notes, not everyone seems to be a lawyer adept at arguing their trigger.

Even if you’re no rhetorical wizard, you possibly can take easy steps to guard your self towards errors or ambulance operators that disregard the brand new regulation.

Examine your insurance coverage coverage to know your deductible and any copay or coinsurance do you have to ever want an ambulance. If you happen to get an ambulance invoice, don’t pay it instantly. Examine your insurer’s rationalization of advantages to ensure what it says you owe matches what you assume your cost-sharing quantity needs to be. If the invoice is greater, the ambulance firm could also be making an attempt to tug a quick one. Name the ambulance firm and inform them they should knock the invoice down. In the event that they don’t, file a grievance together with your well being plan and embody a replica of the invoice.

If you happen to disagree together with your plan’s resolution, or it takes greater than 30 days for the plan to reply, take your grievance to the regulator.

The brand new regulation requires your insurer to inform you in case your well being plan is regulated by the state and thus topic to the statute. Whether it is, the regulator is prone to be the Division of Managed Well being Care. You possibly can contact that company on-line (www.healthhelp.ca.gov) or by cellphone at 1-888-466-2219. In case your well being plan is regulated by the Division of Insurance coverage, you possibly can file a grievance on-line (www.insurance coverage.ca.gov) or name 1-800-927-4357.

One other good useful resource is the Well being Shopper Alliance, which affords free authorized help in a number of languages. Name 1-888-804-3536.

This text was produced by KFF Well being Information, which publishes California Healthline, an editorially unbiased service of the California Well being Care Basis.